refactor!: change Package API

This changes the following public APIs:

**(_breaking_) Events on the `Package` class**
The `uninstall:success` event on the `Package` class now receives an `InstallReceipt` as argument, instead of an
`InstallHandle`. This receipt is an in-memory representation of what was uninstalled. There's also a new
`uninstall:failed` event for situations where uninstallation for some
reason fails. Note: this also applies to the registry events (i.e.
`package:uninstall:success` and `package:uninstall:failed`).

---

**(_breaking_) `Package:uninstall()` is now asynchronous and receives two new arguments, similarly to `Package:install()`**
While package uninstallations remain synchronous under the hood, the public API has been changed from synchronous ->
asynchronous. Users of this method are recommended to provide a callback in situations where code needs to execute after
uninstallation fully completes.

---

**(_breaking_) `Package:get_install_path()` has been removed.

---

**`Package:install()` now takes an optional callback**
This callback allows consumers to be informed whether installation was successful or not without having to go through a
different, low-level, API. See below for a comparison between the old and new APIs:
```lua
-- before
local handle = pkg:install()
handle:once("closed", function ()
    -- ...
end)

-- after
pkg:install({}, function (success, result)
    -- ...
end)
```

1 files changed, 112 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/lua/mason-core/installer/context/InstallContextFs.lua b/lua/mason-core/installer/context/InstallContextFs.lua
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..93379017
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua/mason-core/installer/context/InstallContextFs.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+local fs = require "mason-core.fs"
+local log = require "mason-core.log"
+local path = require "mason-core.path"
+
+---@class InstallContextFs
+---@field private cwd InstallContextCwd
+local InstallContextFs = {}
+InstallContextFs.__index = InstallContextFs
+
+---@param cwd InstallContextCwd
+function InstallContextFs:new(cwd)
+    ---@type InstallContextFs
+    local instance = {}
+    setmetatable(instance, InstallContextFs)
+    instance.cwd = cwd
+    return instance
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param rel_path string The relative path from the current working directory to the file to append.
+---@param contents string
+function InstallContextFs:append_file(rel_path, contents)
+    return fs.async.append_file(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), rel_path }, contents)
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param rel_path string The relative path from the current working directory to the file to write.
+---@param contents string
+function InstallContextFs:write_file(rel_path, contents)
+    return fs.async.write_file(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), rel_path }, contents)
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param rel_path string The relative path from the current working directory to the file to read.
+function InstallContextFs:read_file(rel_path)
+    return fs.async.read_file(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), rel_path })
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param rel_path string The relative path from the current working directory.
+function InstallContextFs:file_exists(rel_path)
+    return fs.async.file_exists(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), rel_path })
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param rel_path string The relative path from the current working directory.
+function InstallContextFs:dir_exists(rel_path)
+    return fs.async.dir_exists(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), rel_path })
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param rel_path string The relative path from the current working directory.
+function InstallContextFs:rmrf(rel_path)
+    return fs.async.rmrf(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), rel_path })
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param rel_path string The relative path from the current working directory.
+function InstallContextFs:unlink(rel_path)
+    return fs.async.unlink(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), rel_path })
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param old_path string
+---@param new_path string
+function InstallContextFs:rename(old_path, new_path)
+    return fs.async.rename(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), old_path }, path.concat { self.cwd:get(), new_path })
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param dir_path string
+function InstallContextFs:mkdir(dir_path)
+    return fs.async.mkdir(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), dir_path })
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param dir_path string
+function InstallContextFs:mkdirp(dir_path)
+    return fs.async.mkdirp(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), dir_path })
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param file_path string
+function InstallContextFs:chmod_exec(file_path)
+    local bit = require "bit"
+    -- see chmod(2)
+    local USR_EXEC = 0x40
+    local GRP_EXEC = 0x8
+    local ALL_EXEC = 0x1
+    local EXEC = bit.bor(USR_EXEC, GRP_EXEC, ALL_EXEC)
+    local fstat = self:fstat(file_path)
+    if bit.band(fstat.mode, EXEC) ~= EXEC then
+        local plus_exec = bit.bor(fstat.mode, EXEC)
+        log.fmt_debug("Setting exec flags on file %s %o -> %o", file_path, fstat.mode, plus_exec)
+        self:chmod(file_path, plus_exec) -- chmod +x
+    end
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param file_path string
+---@param mode integer
+function InstallContextFs:chmod(file_path, mode)
+    return fs.async.chmod(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), file_path }, mode)
+end
+
+---@async
+---@param file_path string
+function InstallContextFs:fstat(file_path)
+    return fs.async.fstat(path.concat { self.cwd:get(), file_path })
+end
+
+return InstallContextFs